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Adam Smith was a highly influential philosopher and economist whose writings have shaped political and economic thought for over 250 years.

Health care is one of the rare policy areas where nearly everyone agrees something is wrong, but almost no one agrees on a specific solution. One alternative, used in many other countries, is a single-payer system, where the government pays providers for healthcare services. Medicare-for-all, which we described in a previous brief, is one version of single-payer, but as we show here, there are many other ways to implement this system.

The United States has a federal form of government, meaning that the power to make policy is shared between the national government in Washington and the 50 state governments located across the country.